01 - Bring a large pot of salted water to a rolling boil. Add the short pasta and cook according to package directions until al dente. Drain thoroughly, rinse under cold running water to halt cooking, and set aside to cool completely.
02 - If using fresh corn, heat a grill or cast-iron skillet over high heat. Place whole ears directly on the surface and char, turning occasionally, until kernels are lightly blackened in spots, about 5–7 minutes. Cut kernels from the cobs. If using frozen corn, thaw completely, then sear in a hot skillet with a light drizzle of oil until golden and smoky.
03 - In a large mixing bowl, combine the cooled pasta, charred corn kernels, halved cherry tomatoes, diced red onion, chopped cilantro, and jalapeño (if using). Toss gently to distribute evenly.
04 - In a separate small bowl, whisk together the mayonnaise, sour cream (or Greek yogurt), lime juice, smoked paprika, chili powder, kosher salt, and black pepper until smooth and well blended.
05 - Pour the prepared dressing over the pasta and vegetable mixture. Toss gently, folding from the bottom, until every component is evenly coated.
06 - Fold in the crumbled cotija cheese, reserving a small amount for garnish if desired, and mix until just incorporated.
07 - Transfer to a serving bowl. Top with additional chopped fresh cilantro and arrange lime wedges around the edge. Serve chilled or at room temperature.